How to Talk About Diversity in Your Resume, Cover Letter, or Job Interview

Should you tell an employer upfront in your resume, cover letter, or job interview about your race, gender, sexual preference, cultural upbringing, age, mental illness, or physical disability? Could it kill your job application or might it bring you closer to a job offer?

Given how diverse the workplace is, would it help a job candidate to tout his diversity training or his experience managing and working with diverse groups of people?

For insight into how and when to address issues of diversity in the job search, I asked neurodiversity counselor, Jan Johnston-Tyler, the following questions:

1. Why would an employer welcome a job candidate's diversity training / experience?
2. What are some tips for talking about differences appropriately, in writing and in the interview?
3. Do you have some advice for heading off prejudice if a job seeker believes he or she might be a target of discrimination for being "non-American"?
4. To improve the US workplace, what areas of diversity awareness need the most attention?
5. How important is it for a job seeker to mention that she has had diversity training?
6. Can you give some examples of when it might be useful to mention one's personal "diversity status" on a resume?

How to Address Diversity in Your Resume and Job Search

Answers by Jan Johnston-Tyler
1. Why would an employer welcome a job candidate's diversity training / experience?

Smart employers always want employees with broad training and experience – these employees can be depended on to help smooth over group issues, mediate informally, and lend an elder statesperson's voice to a sometimes chaotic and reactive workplace. This has little to do with age, and everything to do with world or real life experience.

2. It's not easy to talk about differences, whether those differences are your own or someone else's. What are some tips for doing so appropriately in writing and in the interview?

This is a very tough question because some diversity is visible, and some is not. For example, a job seeker might be devoutly religious, and be uncomfortable in a workplace where swearing, blue comments, and a 'rock and roll' attitude prevail – this is a matter of corporate culture fit. Other types of diversity, such as disability, become very difficult to discuss, because most employers are not well-versed in ADA laws of what can and cannot be asked, and because disability frequently makes people uncomfortable. In both cases, the wise job seeker – and employer – will be upfront about these matters. Employers should be upfront about corporate culture – "We’re a bit wild here, sort of a typical teenager of a company" – and about what the expectations of the employee might be – "I’ve never hired a person who is blind, so please forgive my ignorance. Can you tell me what sort of accommodations you might need to do this job?" In short, it makes no sense to not talk about potential challenges.

For potential employees, disclosure is a very personal thing. Again, some diversity is obvious, such as wearing a burka or being blind. In these cases, if there is a possibility of a challenge in the workplace or the need for special accommodations, the potential employee should bring it up first, with a solution already prepared – "In the past, I've used software such as Dragon Speaking Naturally to do all my email – I have a copy, and will gladly use it in my job." This takes the question out of the interviewer's mind about "what might I need to provide for this employee?"

For hidden disabilities, such as Asperger’s Syndrome or bipolar disorder, it is a different story. Despite the incredibly high prevalence of 'mental illness' (one in five Americans have a diagnosable mental illness), most employers are frankly scared. In this case, it is generally better to wait until hired, and in need of accommodations before bringing it up. While employers may not appreciate this, it is legal and moreover, frequently the most appropriate choice for the employee because disclosure prior to an offer is likely going to lose the employee the job.

3. Are employers becoming more hesitant to hire job seekers who are not first-generation Americans to avoid government monitoring of their businesses? Do you have some advice for heading off prejudices if a job seeker believes he or she might be a target of such discrimination?

I do think that this is an issue, but not because of governmental oversight. I believe it is because the economy is so poor, immigration is such a hot issue, and so many people seem to be reactive to 'others' taking American jobs (even if the job seeker is American!). Right or wrong, there is evidence that recent immigrants or those here on Visas have a better chance of being hired if they have acculturated to American ways, and if they have minimal accents. In short, it’s less about color, culture, or religion, and more about assuring an employer that they "fit in" to an American workforce.

4. To improve the US workplace, what areas of diversity awareness need the most attention? How can a job seeker make a difference, even if he or she isn't involved directly in diversity awareness training?

Two areas need continual attention: first, that of racial, religious and cultural discrimination, and the second is the education of American employers and human resource workers about the realities of hidden disabilities such as depression, autism, and schizophrenia.

We all are aware that in the next 20 years we will have a shortage of educated/trained workers as the baby boomers retire. As employers, we must open our eyes to the excellent employees we may have overlooked before because of color, religion, or differing abilities.

5. How important is it for a job seeker to mention on her resume that she has had diversity training? Is there a bottom line benefit to the employer if a job seeker has had such training?

I urge everyone to include all corporate or business-related training on their resume. If it is extensive, you can group them into different types, such as financial, managerial, program management, etc. Diversity training today is a bit like sexual harassment training in the 80s – it is frequently a corporate mandate for managers in larger, more progressive companies. For individual contributors, it shows that the employee cares enough about his/her career to take the opportunity to learn and develop managerial talent.

6. Can you give some examples of when it might be useful to mention one's personal "diversity" status on a resume?

Personally, I never recommend directly including personal information of any sort on a resume because it may appear as being "overly associated" with a particular group. Remember, managers want employees who fit in to their company’s culture. However, one can include organizations and affiliations they have done volunteer work with – which can be a "back door" way of noting ethnicity, religion, etc.

The other place where diversity may be noted is in the cover letter or the resume's objective or statement section if it directly applies to the job. Some examples include:

"As a Latina student studying law, I have extensive experience working with Spanish-speaking clientele, and wish to use these skills…"

"As a person with Bipolar Disorder, I am well-aware of the challenges these individuals face in terms of securing adequate public housing…"

"Although blind since birth, I have become an exceptional reader of people, and use that skill to my advantage as an HR generalist…."

My thanks to Jan Johnston-Tyler of EvoLibri for this interview. To see another Job Lounge post with Jan's advice, please read Counselor For Job Seekers With Autism.

5 Job Search Strategies for Older Workers

Are you one of the millions of older workers trying to figure out how they fit into today's job market? Don't be discouraged. There are good job opportunities for workers who have lots of experience.

Your biggest challenge may be figuring out a good job search strategy, especially if you haven't looked for a job in awhile.

Whether you're considering a career change or seeking a new job in your current field, this video by Patra Frame will get you started. In a nutshell, here's what Patra suggests you do:

1. Assess your technical skills.
You may need to upgrade your computer skills to compete for your new job.

2. Work your network.
Get familiar with online social networking communities like LinkedIn.

3. Look at your attitude.
Don't let depression or a negative attitude get in the way of new job opportunities.

4. Ask for advice on how to present yourself.
Get a reality check on your wardrobe to be sure your physical presentation is appropriate for the new job you seek.

5. Understand current job search methods.
Learn the importance of keywords in your resume; know how to email and post your resume online; and understand what techniques recruiters use to find top job seekers.

Now, watch this video to hear Patra explain the details of these points.



What experiences have you faced as an older job seeker?

More on the topic:

Changing Jobs at 54
Too Old to Change Careers?
Snow On the Roof and Still Smokin’ Hot!

Stating Company Revenue on Resume

Question
I am an executive for a growing company with annual revenue of $130MM and an aggressive outlook of becoming a $700MM company in a very short time. I have applied for other executive positions internally but the company hires from outside and seems to favor managers from large companies whose current revenue base is $700MM or better. I have similar experience but it is not evident on my current resume. If I applied for positions outside the company I would face a worse situation in that the prospective employers don’t know me.

On my resume I accurately state the annual revenue of various companies for which I have worked as well as the annual volume of revenue for which I was directly responsible. That sets the foundation for the accomplishments I state for each job. My resume work history begins in 1985 when I worked for an $80MM division of Xerox. In today’s dollars, the same $80MM is equivalent to $166MM (based on CPI present value calculations), which would be an accurate comparator to a contemporary company of equal size. However, I present the revenue on my resume as $80MM because it is accurate for my time there, but it may make the job appear less than what it was. This is true for other previous employers as well.

Am I underselling myself by not stating revenue of previous employers/responsibilities at present value? Should I adjust the revenue data accordingly to allow the reader to assess my job skills today as benchmarked against other candidates today, perhaps younger individuals whose revenue contributions may appear greater simply due to the time-value of money? What’s the right thing to do?

Answer
You should use the actual dollar amount for the time the revenue was earned. In other words, if in 1985 your division's revenue was $80MM, then you should state $80MM on your resume. Anyone in a position to evaluate you for an executive position should have the financial savvy to understand how $80MM translates into today's dollars.

To give more perspective, you might add a clause to your statement that tells the revenue for the entire company. For instance:

For this company with $400MM in revenue, served as Department Manager for such-and-such Department with revenues of $80MM.

Of course you'll use today's dollars when you state the revenue you manage at your current position. This will clearly demonstrate that you have executive experience in the appropriately high-revenue corporate arena, and should compete with any competitor, no matter what his or her age.

Best of luck with this next step in your career!

Changing Jobs at 54

Question
I'm 54 years old. I have an undergraduate degree in computer science and a masters degree in software engineering. I have sent my resume to many firms and no reponse. Do you think that my age is the problem?
-- Jim

Answer


In this video I explain how to "guesstimate" the age of the average person in your occupation and level of employment.
- Ask people in your personal and professional network.
- Join an online professional network such as LinkedIn where you can ask questions and see profiles of people in your line of work.
- Participate in blogs and listserves that discuss your profession and industry.

A New Career at 52

Question
I've been a software developer for 13 years and just got laid off after only 3 months with the company. I am getting older (52) and don't have the energy I once had to work 50-60 hours a week. I would like to try a different career path and do something a little less stressful. Continue reading...

Wanted: Job Seeker with Life Skills

I decided to post the following from a Job Lounger, in hopes that it will be a good match for another Job Lounger.

I was reading The Job Lounge and noticed many people have emailed you about age discrimination. I work for a company called Home Sweet Home, we are currently based in Los Angeles and hoping to expand to Las Vegas, and we are looking to employ new staff. Home Sweet Home unpacks and organizes people's homes before they move in. We are searching for people with "life" skills and who know how to set-up a kitchen, organize a closet, etc.

If this type of work interests you, please email Home Sweet Home (info@unpackme.com). For more information please visit our website. We are looking for people in both Las Vegas and Greater Los Angeles.

Thanks,
Andrea Cardno
Home Sweet Home

If you are a small business owner and want to post a job opening, email it to me. Maybe we can do a little match-making here in the lounge.

What’s Age Got to Do With It?

Question
I worked with my boss recently and all day he criticized my job performance and topped it off by saying, "For your age ( I am 52 ), you still have some get up and go." This was said in a very negative context.

It was, in my opinion, very offensive to bring up age. Is that legal to do?
Thank you
John

Answer
by Marc Effron, VP, Talent Management, Avon Products

Hi John – Remarks about age and performance are never appropriate in the workplace, so it’s understandable that you’re offended! Since I’m not an attorney I can’t evaluate whether what he did was legal or not, but there are a few options you should consider:

1. If you work in a company with a Human Resources department, you can speak with an HR representative to both explain the situation and to ask for their advice. This should also serve as official notice that you have informed the company of that conversation, which will be important if this becomes a legal issue.

2. You can contact an employment law attorney and ask for a consultation. They can advise you whether your employer is or has discriminated against you because of your age and recommend next steps.

3. You can address this concern directly to your boss. Let him know that you are committed to being a good performer and would like to discuss performance standards with and create a development plan. Also, let him know that it’s not appropriate for him to make remarks about your age in any context. Even if he says that he was “just having fun” or denies making the remark, it’s important that you reinforce that you take offense when he discusses your age.

You can do any or all of these, depending on which you feel is appropriate. What’s most important is that you are treated with the dignity and respect each of us deserves and has the legal right to have in the workplace.

I hope that helps and good luck!

Marc Effron is Vice President, Talent Management for Avon Products. He has authored two books (including Leading the Way and numerous articles about leadership. He is a frequent speaker at industry events.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
I came across Age Discrimination in the Workplace by Kelly Jones who wants to have a dialog on her blog about this issue.

Mom of Teens Wants Full-Time Job

Question
I am a Mom of teenagers and I’m 52. Most of my experience has been as a waitress because it allowed me to make great money and work few hours while my kids were going through the younger years. I have had several jobs over a 30-year period in the restaurant business.

I was let go at the last job. I believe it was unfair. The supervisor was also a working waitress. The owner gave her carte blanc. She worked most things to her advantage and if you didn't like it, well tough. I worked there 3 years.......so long story short, that was one year ago.

Since then I have remained unemployed. I am not sure if I want to go back to that business or find new work. In either case I am trying to put together a resume. I am not sure how to handle the last job on the resume. I have had my Real Estate. License. I worked in a bank many years ago. I went the Medical Assistant School right out of high school. I have been a group leader in a women's group. I have attended a self-help seminar.

I am stumped as to how to begin. I have knowledge of Quickbooks, as I keep the family business organized that way.

Thanks for your advice

Answer
by Garla Smith, co-owner of Smart Moms and Part-Time Employment Specialist

Dear Mom of Teenagers,
It is a challenge to determine how to address a position where you were let go. I am always encouraging moms to be honest but don’t give away too much information too soon. For instance, sharing that you were let go can be introduced during the application stage. Having references lined up that can speak on your behalf would be counteractive to the negative perception of being let go. Perhaps another supervisor or peer from that job site could be introduced as a reference to speak about your work ethics or attention to detail, etc. There is a time to share the reasoning as to why you left but it should be brief and with a humble attitude.

As for determining your next step, I think you have quite a few options.

With your real estate. license you could continue with that or consider a new career as an R.E. Virtual Assistant. These assistants make $35- $50/hr depending on the job function. If you have detailed experience in Real Estate Marketing, this skill set is a great asset to any realtor and you can charge on the higher side. Visit the International Real Estate Assistant Association (IREA) for details about this field. If launching your own VA business is overwhelming, start out small with just your area network. Putting a simple ad on Craig’s List for your area, a small local paper or even networking within your local networking groups may bring several great clients. You only need four or five steady clients to create a steady income.

If you are not sure about real estate or any of the other careers that you have had in the past, you may want to consider doing some online career assessments. Visit Smart Moms to start a free preliminary career assessment. The results from this assessment may yield ideas about a new career that you have not thought of.

Finally, your Quickbooks skills are more valuable than you think. You can validate this premise by simply using Google and searching for “Quickbooks and jobs”. You will see that there are many jobs (part-time and full-time) that require Quickbooks skills. I encourage you to complete a certification program that can validate your Quickbooks and Accounting skills. Visit this page on Smart Moms for more information about classes and online programs. Any employer will respect 2+ years of experience, related references and certifications in your field.

I hope this information helps. If not please repost questions or send directly to me at garla@smart-moms.net.

Garla Smith is co-owner of Smart Moms. Her expertise lies in matching flexible, part-time jobs with qualified professional candidates.

Too Old to Change Careers?

Questions
I am considering enrollment in a paralegal program close to my home. My past experience has been in the tech field and I am looking for a change. My question is: Am I too old to pursue a career as a paralegal where I could use my fluency in Spanish and some real estate experience? Do you think it is feasible or should I consider other alternatives?

I truly appreciate you candor on the subject and thank you in advance for your "needed" kind advice.

Answer
by Steve Roesler, CEO, Roesler Group

It seems as if you have both the energy and desire to continue (or change) your career. Both of those trump chronological age every time. So let’s look at the situation:

Why are you moving from the tech field to paralegal? And why paralegal?
It’s fine to do so. Just be sure that you have thought through the implications of a different kind of working atmosphere and whether it suits your personality and working style. Penelope Trunk’s blog, Brazen Careerist, will give you some interesting insights regarding career changes.

Employers in all industries value bi-lingual skills. Your background in real estate would give you an edge with a firm that specializes in Real Estate law, a field that has and is looking to increase its Spanish-speaking clientele.

How will you find the best match? I would suggest that you ask about job placement at the paralegal school you are considering. Many, if not most certification schools, help with the placement process. It would also be a good idea to explore a couple of other institutions to get a more complete sense of who might have a track record that would be most helpful in your ultimate job search. And, there are certificate programs available online at such places as Kaplan University and AIPS (American Institute for Paralegal Studies).

I wish you all the best with your decision!

Steve Roesler is President/CEO of Roesler Group, a consulting firm with a 30-year history of building individual and organizational growth and performance.

Resume for Vibrant 50-Year-Old

Question
I just turned 50 and have been looking for a new position. My tenure with the 4 companies I have worked for are 2, 4, 11, and 10 years (last to first). I only listed the last 3 positions on my resume (due to space limitations). This doesn't make me look as long in the tooth (15+ years experience vs. 25+) but it doesn't look as stable with my last 2 positions lasting a shorter duration. Should I make room to add my first position to my resume?

Also, it has been about 6 months since I resigned from my last position. I have a computer services company I have run part-time for 10 years and have been working at it more since I have been out of work. Should this be added to my resume (as my current position) or should I just explain what I have been doing when asked?
--- Growing Old in Texas

Answer
by Vivian VanLier, CPRW, JCTC, CEIP, CCMC, CPRC, Certified Career Coach / Resume Writer

Hi “Growing Old in Texas”... First of all, let’s change that to “Staying Young and Vibrant in Texas!!” Haven’t you heard: 50 is the new 30!! On my 50th birthday, I went out and bought myself a t-shirt that said “50 Happens!” and wore it proudly!

With an average of 35 years added to our life spans since the turn of the last century, you have plenty of time to start a whole new career if you want!

Now some statistics to put your concerns into perspective: According to recent studies (and the Bureau of Labor Statistics), by age 40, most people have had 10 jobs! Transition is the new “normal.” So job changes aren’t at all unusual. Again, according to statistics, the average job lasts 2 ½ to 3 years. So, if you average your last two jobs, you’re right on track!

The old career / work paradigm was one job, one industry for life. Well, that began changing back in the 80’s with the first wave of downsizings. This trend has only accelerated and today’s savvy careerist understands that ultimately you work for you! You package your talents, skills and experience into a cutting-edge marketing tool (your resume) and when you land a position, you stay as long as it’s a good fit for you. Today’s employer retains team members as long as it’s a good fit for him/her. When it’s no longer fitting your life and goals, it’s time to re-package your talents and move on to the next opportunity. Of course, you don’t want to do this too frequently, but, again 2 ½ – 3 years is average.

The other concern is regarding appearing “young” on your resume. Resumes are actually great equalizers. You should only go back 10-15 years (17 is fine) on your resume regardless of how long your work history is. Prospective employers are interested in what you have done lately. Thus the resume will not disclose age. (Senior Executives can go back a longer time because they have obviously earned their stature over time.) Don’t include dates on your education if it wasn’t recent. So, “Young and Vibrant in Texas,” you were right on track with the dates.

You can use a title such as “Computer Consultant” for the independent work to show that you have current experience. In fact, if you are transitioning into the computer field, you could show consulting services going back 10 years (concurrent with full-time employment). By the way, don’t bother with months on your resume; state years of employment only. (The only time I include months on the resumes I write, is for students or recent grads when they have held internships and seasonal or part-time positions.)

I hope this helps... And keep staying young!!! It’s all in your state of mind!

Making Ends Meet in a Tight Job Market

Question
My husband, age 59, lost his job 6 months ago and seems to have exhausted the job market here (a small western city), trying to find any work, let alone work that uses his skills, abilities and experience (he has a masters degree and some work toward a doctorate, is an experienced adjunct university teacher and published writer).

I've had the same management-level job for 15 years at a small non-profit agency (I'm 52). The pay is not great, but the job provides health insurance and retirement -- for me. But my job doesn’t pay quite enough to meet our monthly bills, even though we live very frugally. We'd have to move to a small apartment to live within my income, unless I could find a better paying job here, which, when I've looked, hasn't been that promising with the skills I have.

We are debt-free, own our cars. We have no children or elderly relatives to support. We have savings of about $35,000, which we are now starting to tap into for monthly living expenses.

Question: Keeping our ages in mind, do we give up my steady income and move to a larger city, which would hopefully have better job opportunities for us? Risk that we could find decent jobs with benefits before the $35,000 runs out? Or do we stay here, downgrade our housing, and hope one or both of us can eventually find something better?

Thanks for the input.
MZ

Answer
by Richard Yadon, CPC, President/CEO, Health Career Professionals

There isn't a simple answer to your question. It has as much to do with your personal preference and preferred lifestyle as it does with employment. Only you can answer this question, but let me give you some personal perspective that might help you reach a conclusion.

I would avoid tapping into your savings. You've done a great job by staying out of debt and living on a budget. Whatever you should decide to do, be sure you stay out of debt, preserve your savings, and live within your means. You might want to check into attending a Financial Peace course near your home. This will give you more financial planning tools, ideas, and resources. You can go to daveramsey.com for more financial advice and locations of the course.

As for employment you seem to only have two choices – stay and hope something turns up or move to where you can be hired. Unless your skills and industry experience are very specialized, it is unlikely that the job market for you will change drastically in the short-term. That means if you are having trouble finding work now, you will continue to have a hard time in the near future.

Checking Monster or Career Builder for jobs that match your skill and experience will help you determine where people like you are finding work. You might also talk with a recruiter that places people with your backgrounds. The recruiter can give you insight into your employment possibilities.

Richard Yadon is President/CEO of Health Career Professionals, an executive search and employee development company focused in the healthcare industry.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
Your husband might find some consulting or employment ideas through his university career center, through his trade publications, online newsletters, or relevant websites. Perhaps he can work from home, writing for a publication or website that specializes in his field. Or, if he’s even a little web savvy, he could start his own website or blog, and learn how to use online advertising (like Google Adsense) to earn a little extra income.

Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Switching Careers Again at 46

Question
My situation concerns several areas. The first is that as a 46 year old male I am aware of and concerned about age discrimination. I have been employed in the human services field for the last five years and our site has recently lost its funding. This was anticipated; during the end of the last quarter of 2006 we were informed about the eventual closing of our site but not offered any transitional positions or assistance.

That’s ok; I’ve learned to look forward. I would like to remain in the human services field because I really enjoy the work. It’s very satisfying although, unfortunately, the salary is not.

I have thirteen years experience in the medical claims processing field prior to this at various health insurers (three). In between I decided to make a change of career and left the insurance field in 1999 and studied pastry. I quickly learned that 12 hour shifts in a small pastry station did not go well with a forty year old back.

The most experience I was able to get was from my externship which went well but I wound up taking a job as a career sales agent for a major life insurer after obtaining the required state license. This wound up being the hardest job of my life and lasted only 8-9 months. During this period 9/11 occurred and I could not re-enter the medical insurance field no matter what I tried. I was hurt because I always left my previous jobs in insurance (health/medical) on good terms. I then spent another 5 months selling food service equipment.

Throughout all this I never finished my college education. My course study was public administration which I have honestly lost interest in (80 credits) and I am now studying on-line in the IT field. I do know that I am paying the cost for years of poor study habits but am concerned that my resume will look like I am unable to finish what I start. I am also trained as a paralegal.

How can I effectively reintroduce myself to the health insurance field? My experience ranges from: subscriber relations, correspondence assistant, quality assurance analyst, claims examiner.
Thank you,
Joseph

Answer
by Bridget Oakes, Senior Search Consultant

Joseph, thanks for the question. I think this is something that many people have struggled with recently, when they’ve transitioned out of a troubled industry, taken “what’s available” and are now finding it difficult to make their way back into their field of choice.

From your email, it appears as though you left the health insurance field about 8 years ago and since then have worked as a pastry chef, a food equipment sales person, life insurance sales person and most recently in human services. I’m guessing you have about 5 years experience in human services.

If I were evaluating you for an opportunity with my organization, it’s likely I could come away with the impression that either you don’t finish what you start or you can’t decide what you want to be when you “grow up,” neither of which are good things for a hiring manager, HR representative, or recruiter to think about you.

So, how do you address this? First we need to clarify and cement your objective.

From your email, I’m confused as to your career objective. Either you would like to remain in the human services field because you really enjoy the work or you are trying to find out how to effectively reintroduce yourself to the health insurance field.

If we assume that you’re looking to get back into the health insurance field, you’re going to have an uphill battle.

But here are the basics (which actually apply to any job search):

Structure your Resume for Greatest Impact:
I would suggest that you write your resume in a functional format. This format groups experience and accomplishments by functional area, and allows you to bring relevant information of past positions to the top of your resume.

An exceptionally strong summary statement will be necessary as well. This should state your objective, clarify your career goals, and provide an overview of what you can bring to an organization or company.

I suggest this because, to be absolutely honest, if, as a recruiter, I don’t see what I’m looking for in the first page of a resume, I usually don’t bother to turn the page.

I’m sure that the professional resume writers that contribute to the Job Lounge would have better advice on this topic.

Don’t Rely on Your Resume:
You need to market yourself aggressively. This is my best piece of advice for anyone looking to make a career change. Make a list of target companies and call them, find out who manages the group you’d be interested in joining and call that person. Introduce yourself, explain that you are exploring a return to the industry and “pitch” your experience and qualifications. (This is “recruiting in reverse” and can be a great way to get your foot in the door.) The goal here is to get your name and information to the decision maker. If that decision maker likes you, the objections that Human Resources will likely have regarding your background will be minimized.

Bridget Oakes is a Senior Search Consultant with Partners in Technology. With nearly 10 years experience in executive search and recruiting, she is well equipped to provide advice and guidance to candidates searching for new careers, and welcomes the opportunity to do so through Job Lounge.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
I love this post: I’m a Damn Happy Jack by Lisa, who had a 15-year stint in the healthcare industry before changing “jobs” again to become an entrepreneur. Her entire post is worth reading but here are a few excerpts:

I don't know who it was that said that "the average person will change careers at least seven times," but they were wrong. I think the number is more like twenty. How many jobs does it take us to really get that it's not the job that defines the man? Our jobs may change and so might the title on our business card. People might respond to us differently depending on the profession we claim ourselves to be a part of. All of this doesn't matter. What matters is whether or not we enjoy the work we do.

Lisa goes on to talk about why she thinks most job seekers change jobs and careers so often:

Many of us have had so many jobs or have held several jobs at the same time because we're passionate about a lot of things.

She then lists the 18 (count them!) jobs she’s held in her 25-year worklife.

Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Snow On the Roof and Still Smokin’ Hot!

Question
I just resigned my position after working there for (off and on) 17 years. I will be 65 in May. Is it realistic of me to look for work? I have a solid background as an administrative assistant/office manager. Should I resign to take just part-time jobs? What are my chances really -- even though one should not be discriminated for one's age.
Thanks for you help.
-- A Senior

Answer
by Ronnie Ann, Work Coach

This is a great question that many of us baby boomers are thinking about. The short answer is: There’s no way to know until you try. But the good news is your chances are much better than they used to be.

While studies show on average people over 50 get only half the interviews of younger applicants, more and more companies are starting to see the value of experienced workers. And as Baby Boomers age into their 60s, there will be a larger proportion of older workers than ever before – helping make the whole thing more natural and therefore a little easier for us all.

But each case is slightly different. For example, in your case I’m not sure whether you live in a small town or large city – this will certainly influence your options and chances. It’s also important that you have a good reason for leaving your last job and are able and willing to come to any interview with a positive attitude ready to take on whatever they have for you.

Some of the bad rap older workers get is that they are inflexible - unwilling to learn new methods or skills. And, fair or not, companies also worry that older workers might not be willing to work overtime or that they might be sick more often. Plus there is a not-all-together-unfounded fear of company health insurance premiums skyrocketing if the company gets too many older people.

But don’t let all that talk stop you from what you want to do. I’ve personally gotten “impossible” job offers by not listening when people tell me why I can’t do something. It’s a waste of time to focus on all that. Your time is better spent thinking about how to get yourself where you want to go. And there are definitely jobs out there for older workers – you just need to help interviewers see you as the potential asset that you are.

So arm yourself with the following interview basics (which anyone any age can use):

• An energetic appearance
• Solution-oriented approach
• Show that you’re a team player (and not a been-there, done-that know-it-all)
• Be willing to listen and learn
• Come prepared with real-life examples of things you handled well in your previous worklife (not boasting, just sharing)
• Show up looking well-groomed and rosy-cheeked. (You can even slip in that you do aerobics regularly, if, in fact, you do.)
• Let them see that you have a can-do attitude (and not a “can’t-be-done” scowl)

Be proud of who you are and your experience. Walk in as someone ready to roll up your sleeves and get the job done. No one wants to hire a worker who has her head hanging low or seems to be begging for work. You are offering them a seasoned worker with excellent skills. No apologies necessary.

You mention you’ve had office manager and admin experience. Great! Definitely apply for jobs in that field. Also, if there are temp agencies in your town, this is a really good way to ease into the next job. Sometimes you even find yourself a permanent position this way – and the best part is you and the company get to try each other on for size. (If only we could do that with elected officials!)

Another thought…if you are open to using this as a chance to learn new skills, the medical support field is growing. Doctors’ offices, clinics, and hospitals need help – especially if you’re willing to learn how to deal with their billing. Some people even figure out a way to freelance these skills and not only charge a good rate, but get to be their own boss. Not a bad thing.

Or you might want to look for an opening in a company and job you’ve never considered before. To help trigger some thoughts -- Don Browne’s blog Southwest Florida Online - Sunday Morning News suggests taking a look at the AARP’s list of 30 companies that are very friendly to hiring older workers.

In fact, as Browne mentions, some employers actually want more seasoned employees who have a solid work ethic. And they know you aren’t just job-hopping so you will very likely stick around longer than some younger workers. I used to help with hiring and hoped to find older workers for those very reasons.

The main thing is to go into your search with an open mind and a good attitude. You may have to bend a bit here or there, but haven’t we learned to do that by now? Polish up your resume, present a well-groomed energetic appearance, and don’t stop until someone says “yes.” And while I can’t guarantee you won’t wind up with part-time work, there is nothing to stop you from aiming to find that full-time position you want. Just remember to brush off the “no thank yous” and keep going until you find the job that says "yes." You only need one.

Good luck! Please let me know how it goes.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
Red Alert | An Over-50 Jobseeker Has Just Entered the Building is a post by Teena Rose,in which she gives interview advice to job seekers over 50. Here’s a short excerpt from that post:

Keep a positive mindset and you’ll appear young and lively. An optimistic outlook is not always easy, particularly when you’ve gone on several interviews that don’t result to job offers. Support and golden age groups -- provided by county career centers and sponsored by colleges -- will provide support, a networking forum, and employment contacts that will make your job search flow smoothly.

Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Personal Insults on the Job

Question
Recently we had a new manager start at the pharmacy I work at. He has recently divorced and seems very angry. After a few days of working together he started talking about my age (55) and didn't I live closer to another pharmacy. And then he told me I and my co-worker (age 64) were old and slow! I asked him directly if he meant that and he repeated it.

My co-worker is slowing down a bit, but she gets the job done and very well. I would not consider myself slow at all; I know all the insurance and am quite fast at typing.

These kinds of comments went on all day. Is there anything we can do to put a stop to it? And is it legal to make comments like these?

Answer
by Richard Yadon, CPC, Health Career Professionals, President/CEO

According to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (amended in 1986), it is unlawful….

(1) to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual or otherwise discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual's age;

(2) to limit, segregate, or classify his employees in any way which would deprive or tend to deprive any individual of employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect his status as an employee, because of such individual's age.

Unless this is happening then there may not be any legal action you can take. The law does not protect employees from rude, insensitive, and unprofessional managers. That doesn’t mean, however, you have to endure this kind of behavior. Most hospitals and companies are very proud of their mission statements, values, ethics, and sense of fair and equal treatment of their employees. It would be hard to believe that your employer is an exception.

If you have not already done so, you could have a frank conversation with your manager. Tell him that you and your co-worker do not appreciate his attitude and especially his comments. Let him know that if he doesn’t stop you are going to speak with HR. I'm sure that your human resources department will take very swift action if they know about this behavior.

Richard Yadon is President/CEO of Health Career Professionals, which is an executive search and employee development company focused in the healthcare industry.

Susan Ireland's Two Cents
On October 30, 2006 Guy Kawasaki posted Book Review: The No Asshole Rule by Robert Sutton, which I believe is relevant here. The full name of Sutton’s book is The No Asshole Rule: How to Build a Civilized Workplace and Surviving One that Isn’t. In the second half of Guy’s post is an excerpt from Sutton’s book in which he lists seven ways to “Deal With Assholes.” Check it out. It might help deal with workplace situations where insults are handed out and other abusive behavior exists.

Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

A Job Where You Are Valued

Question
I would really appreciate some advice. I am 56 years old and am finding my age and inconsistent job history to be a definite factor when interviewing. The County Job Services people were kind enough to help me put my resume together but I am inept at cover letters. I have no idea how to start a cover letter and yet people tell me I write very well.

I can sell snowballs to Eskimos but cannot sell myself which is obvious by my unsuccessful job search for basically the last year. I don’t know what to do. Do you have any suggestions? God Bless You for Your Kindness
-- Diane.

Answer
by Honey Smith, Professional Life Coach

The job search in mid-life has unique joys and challenges. On one hand, you find yourself in the position of justifying the rich life you’ve led and the choices you’ve made; especially if they don’t fit into conventional patterns. On the other hand, this richness makes for a powerful cocktail of skills and perspectives that you bring to the table. The trick is to choose (or create) the table where your unique qualities are valued and not dismissed. Once you’ve figured this out, then it’s a matter of creating a resume that makes it obvious to all why you and the job are a perfect fit.

At 56, your work goals may be very different from what they were ten or twenty years ago – and understandably so! Forget for a moment about who will or won’t hire you. Focus on what is most important to you right now. Is it all about income and/or financial security? Do you want to learn a new skill, have an impact on others or contribute to a cause that matters to you? Are you seeking stability, appreciation, status, power, connection with other people?

Once you’re clear on what you want out of work, consider these questions:

What was consistent (and a noteworthy skill) throughout my “inconsistent” job history?

For example, you may be a project-oriented person who loves variety and the challenge of the new. You may excel at short-term, highly focused jobs that tend to have deadlines and a sense of completion. You might also be a person who has consistently chosen to value commitments outside of work – such as raising a family, or dealing with health matters over staying with one job or career. What does this tell you about your ability to commit and to follow through in your life? How would you communicate these strengths in a resume?

Ask yourself: What do I speak about with natural confidence? In what situations (work and non-work) have I been at my best?

You wrote that you can “sell snowballs to Eskimos”. So, what makes it hard to “sell” yourself? This is not to say that it’s all in your head. It is time consuming to create a resume and cover letter, especially given today’s increased expectations. You don’t have to do it alone. There are resources - such as Susan Ireland’s book The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Perfect Resume – which can help you choose the resume and cover format that’s right for you. You may also want to refer to increasing numbers of studies that show that older workers are great investments for companies and check out where older workers are getting those jobs.

Perhaps the most useful question you can ask yourself is: What kind of work environment do I want to be in? Organizations have different “cultures”. Some, especially start-ups, newly expanding or slightly out-of-the-way companies often prefer people who’ve lived life a little out of the box. They often have less need of stable managerial types who’ve stuck with one thing and instead value people who are creative, energetic, have broad experience and the flexibility to “go with the flow”. Moreover, these kinds of companies don’t always have the luxury to offer high salaries and fancy packages – so they’re more willing to gamble on less conventional employees.

One last thought, many people like you decide to start their own businesses. Entrepreneurship is not for everybody and has its own tradeoffs. But self-employment allows for a lot of creativity and freedom to be your own boss. If you haven’t found the “perfect job” so far, here’s your shot at seeing how close you can get.

Again, it goes back to what is most important to you right now.

Good Luck and remember to go where you are valued!

Honey Smith, Ed.M., is a Professional Life Coach who helps job seekers fast forward their careers, master life transitions and fulfill their potential.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
On his Dumb Little Man Tips on Life blog, Jay put together a list of his recommended resources on 100+ Ways to Write a Resume Cover Letter.

And take a look at the Cover Letter Guide and samples on my site: susanireland.com.

New Career Horizons

Question
I'm 46 years old and have been working since the age of 14. Suddenly I find myself unemployed for the first time in my life!

My problem is that I've worked in several different areas of employment and I'm not sure how to approach the hiring market. I have 9 years in the jewelry industry and have certifications as a Graduate Gemologist from the GIA in NY. I also have worked in the medical field for almost 8 years and have a certificate as a registered medical assistant and x-ray license in Florida (not good anywhere else unfortunately). My experience in the corporate world is for almost the same length of time and I'm really torn as to how to approach each market.

Since I have 17 months before my last leaves for college (I'm a single mom), I want to make sure I'm available during nights and weekends for that time period. I'm also finding that many companies advertise or post positions that they fill from within the company, but are using the postings to meet the EOE requirements.... It gets crazy going to an interview only to follow up and find out that they hired someone from their own company for the spot.

Sorry there is so much to address here. I guess the most pressing question would be: Do you have any recommendations on how to approach the workforce with such a diversified resume???
Thanks, Carabeth

Answer
by Townsend Belisle, former Professional Headhunter

Hello Carabeth,
I can hear the frustration in your words and the challenges you’ve faced given your situation. And I know you’re not alone. We’ve all found ourselves at an odd career crossroads at some point – especially because we find ourselves living in a time where, unlike our parents or grandparents, we don’t keep the same, tenured (and pensioned) job for 40+years, nor do we even stay in the same industry. Here are some thoughts based on your circumstances that I hope will shed some light - and will potentially change your perception and possibly inspire you to try a new approach.

First, perhaps you could find those companies who desire and celebrate your diverse background. Many companies are not just looking for worker bees but specifically seek talent with experience across many industries. The theory is that by bringing your best practices to their environment, you could create new and different ideas to the process (or products to the marketplace). For example, perhaps the manufacturer of the microscope you used (while a Gemologist) or x-ray machine you mastered (while a Medical Assistant) would welcome someone with “hands-on” or “in-market” experience like you, to tell them how to do what they’ve done, better.

Second, consider writing a resume that focuses more on your skills than your titles. For example, I could quickly guess that with some of your experience, you definitely have an exceptional eye for detail. You can catch the flaws, or spot perfection quickly. Then you could learn to speak of your experience not as a “Gemologist turned Medical Assistant” but as a “highly-detailed quality assurance expert.”

Third, use your connections. Tell everyone that you’re looking for new work – and speak of it matter-of-factly, because you’re confident that the next (ideal) job is out there. When speaking with friends, classmates, fellow moms or family, tell them you’re open to any of their ideas about what you could do. And ask your kid! Perhaps he or she will offer up a job scenario or a specific opening that you couldn’t have thought of yourself. You could also try some other means of networking: your school, your child’s school or daycare, the local café, your church… or you could check out the online networks through LinkedIn, MeetUp or those Associations from previous work.

Finally, try to connect with companies who’d hire you for you, and not you for your resume. Most smaller companies focus less on a resume and more on your personality. I’ve presented to clients some talent that were missing most of the requisite experience based on a job posting – only to find that the company quickly hired the talent, with a manager noting, “I just liked her and felt confident she could do the job.” Whenever you find yourself enticed by a nice friend or even a nice stranger, ask them where they work and if they like it.

Still having trouble figuring out that next career? See this Job Lounge post, where I list a few ideas about how to get inspired about what you really want to do.

But the best thing you’re doing right now is being a good mum. Of all things, concentrating enough on raising your kids is an investment that will pay you for years to come.

“I've learned that every working mom is a superwoman. For most of the world, it's really a necessity.” ~ Uma Thurman

Townsend Belisle’s favorite title is “dad.” While he’s held 12 other job titles throughout his 20-year career, his key expertise has remained: mediating between creative people and business people. He prefers to work with people who have diverse backgrounds and he is constantly trying to connect people to others with whom they would find synergy.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Career Change at 55

Question
My resume hasn't been updated for over 10 years. I've been in the newspaper business for about 15 years now and I just hate it. There's no room for advancement. The depression is unbelievable.

I will be almost 55 yrs old and I do not know how to change my resume. I have a degree in illustration and rendering. But I have not been able to use my talent. I would love to work at the field museum. But I don't know were to start. I'm sorry if I feel confused and frustrated. I just don't know were to start. I hate having to be stuck in a job just to say I have one. Can you help me?
-- Joan

Answer
by Catherine Sutton, Professional Resume Writer

Dear Joan,
No one should have to stay in a job they hate. There really are possibilities out there that would satisfy you and make you feel glad to get up in the morning. I suggest contacting a good career coach first of all.

There are probably some free resources at your local One Stop Center, your library, and, of course, online. You could ask people you know to recommend a coach or call the career coach on Susan Ireland’s team, Roberta Rosen at 415-885-4804. (Roberta works with clients by phone if they don’t live in her area, which is San Francisco.)

Another step to take you in the right direction would be to call the field museum (or anywhere else that you think you might like to work) and ask if you can come in and talk to someone to find out what positions people hold there and what skills and abilities those positions require. This is called an “informational interview.” This type of interview is just what it says – for gathering information – and you initiate the meeting. You don’t need a resume for this. In fact it’s better if you simply focus on gathering information at this stage.

The next step is to craft a resume that will catch the attention of your chosen target. By now you are in a much better position because you have an idea how your talents and abilities would fit that workplace.

One of the main mistakes people make is to think that a resume is all about their past. Oh no! A resume is about your future. A good resume shows how you could contribute to the position you have in mind. Isn’t it great to know you don’t have to repeat those tasks you hate to doing?!

When writing your resume, put yourself in your prospective new employer’s shoes (you could simply imagine your ideal new situation) and think of your relevant projects and accomplishments that you’re proud of. Those accomplishments don’t have to be at work and they don’t have to be recent.

Write a short description (two or three lines max) for each accomplishment you think of and make sure you say where you did it. Was it for the newspaper? Say so. Was it a drawing you did at home that caught the subject particularly well? Include details like numbers or dollar figures if you can, or focus on how you overcame challenges.

It’s much better to describe specific, accountable accomplishments of your own rather than copying boring and general statements that you see on other people’s resumes. And I suggest you start from scratch rather than trying to update your old resume. You’ll like the result much better.

Check out the Damn Good Resume website where you’ll get some great hot tips that really work. And you’ll get more excellent advice.

Good luck! I’m excited for you!

Can’t Capture That Dream Job

Question
Finally!! A place where I can not only vent about the difficulties I've had in trying to just start my career-path, but somewhere that someone might just be able to point me in the right direction.

First, let me just say that CareerBuilder and Monster think they can match anyone up with their dream job/career, but they have YET to be able to come close to matching me! I should consider myself lucky, however, since I actually really do know what I love to do and what career I want -- setting me apart from the poor lost souls who don't even know "what they want to be when they grow up" (some at the age of 40+).

You see, I hold a Master of Arts degree in Biopsychology (Biopsy - what?) -- AKA Animal Behavior. I "dropped out" of a Ph.D program and received a Masters degree from them instead, though I like to phrase it a bit differently and say that I "left" the program with my Masters). The degree opened the door to a part time position at the Los Angeles Zoo, in their Research Division. It also allowed me to discover what I really wanted to do with my life; I wanted to be a Zoo Keeper. These days the term/title used is actually "Animal Keeper" in zoos and "Aquarist" or "Biologist" in aquariums.

And I did get to be an Animal Keeper -- very very part time (my actual title was Animal Keeper Part Time As Needed) and only after jumping through hoop after hoop - some hoops twice! One would think that with a Masters degree in Animal Behavior and a bunch of experience working with domestic and exotic animals, that "transitioning" into Animal Care at the same zoo at which I had already been working as a Research Assistant (in the Animal Care dept., none-the-less) would be a no-brainer, sure thing. Well, things outside of Corporate America are a little different, but still have no guarantees.

To make a long story even painfully longer, I waited and waited and interviewed for Full Time work as a Keeper, at several different Southern California zoos, but was never hired.

Having left my entire family here in NJ, only to live in California for almost 10 years, I decided it was time to come home. My husband and I moved back to Cherry Hill, NJ in September of 2006 and just recently bought a house. Again, I am faced with the task of starting over and trying to make that "dream job" a reality; but after so many failed attempts in the past, I don't trust it anymore.

Troubled and not getting any younger,
Jenny.

Answer
by John West Hadley, Career Search & Career Enhancement Counselor, “Helping Job Seekers Who Are Frustrated With Their Search”

It’s terrific that you know so specifically what you want to do, and understandably extremely frustrating that you haven’t been able to achieve your goal.

First, examine what you’ve been doing to see if there was anything in your marketing campaign (because that’s exactly what a career search is) that might have held you back. You might try reaching out to the people with whom you interviewed, to see what it was that you would have needed to have or to do to convince them to hire you. It may be that there was something you weren’t emphasizing enough, some skill or quality they felt you lacked, or even something in your interviewing style that got in the way. You might even want to try mock interviews with experts to see if they can discern any issues.

Next, look at how you uncovered the opportunities. Did you network with everyone you knew, everyone you had worked with in the past, everyone who might be in a position to connect you to anyone else? Did you put together a compelling 2 minute pitch that expressed exactly what you brought to the table, and particularly the sorts of results you could bring to a prospective employer or problems you could solve for them? Did you brainstorm with them to uncover someone else you could talk to, or did you fall into the trap of focusing on asking about openings? You need to get everyone you can on your side, recommending you, suggesting people for you to talk to, and uncovering potential opportunities.

Also look at the stories you have that cover the critical elements of the job you seek. Did you have compelling, results-oriented accomplishment stories you could tell to demonstrate why you would be an outstanding animal keeper?

Obviously there are a lot of other elements to your marketing campaign, but these are big ticket items. If you uncover significant areas for improvement in these, then it may be worth taking another shot at your marketing campaign here on the east coast. If it feels like you really gave it your best possible effort, using a very strong approach, then maybe it’s time to think about another job/career that has strong elements of what you would love doing.

You might be interested in “attending” a free tele-class I’m conducting on April 3rd, “5 Secrets to Getting a Job You’ll Love!” Click here for more information.

For further help on your search, I invite you to check out the articles available on my website, JHACareers.com.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Over 50 and Changing Careers in High-Tech

Question
I’m 52 and have been self-employed for over 20 years. During that time I have owned and managed two different boutique marketing services companies that specialize in creating, developing, and managing 3-D marketing environments and face-to-face marketing events. My client base has always been hi-tech/ telcom. My work has been project based, mostly large integrated B-to-B initiatives. My client contact level has always been VP or C level.

Within the next 5 – 7 years I would like to relocate to a new market, one where I currently have no presence, nor can gain it because of the geographic distance.

The market I’d like to move into is smaller and has a growing community of small/medium sized internet based advertising/marketing firms, primarily B-to-C. While I have the management and client interface skills that might be attractive to firms like these, I have no practical experience with web-based advertising/marketing.

My thoughts are this –
• In my current market, I could get a job working for a company similar to ones in my future market in account service/management, even if it’s an entry- or mid-level job.
• Due to my lack of specific experience I don’t think I’m hirable in any other area within my target companies, nor do I have the luxury of time to learn.
• Also dealing with clients, interpreting their needs, and communicating those needs to a creative/technical production team is one of my strong skill sets, though I would require additional OJT for the internet-based technical production.
• This would give me 3 – 5 years of specific practical experience before I make my move.

After this diatribe, here are my questions –
• Will anyone hire me in an entry level/mid-level position at age 52, specifically considering that the firms I would look to are populated with 25-35 year olds (though I do have the ability to engage and work well with that group)?
• How would I structure a resume to get considered? Moving into a new and smaller market, will I be employable with this addition to my resume at age 57-58?

Any other thoughts? Thanks for your time.
-- David

Answer
by Bridget Oakes, Senior Search Consultant

Monster has an interesting article, Career Change and the Seasoned Worker by Susan Bryant. While the advice in this article applies to your situation in a general sense, I’m sure it’s not the whole answer.

Let’s take your questions one by one:

Will anyone hire me into an entry level/mid-level position at age 52, specifically considering that the firms I would look to are populated with 25-35 year olds (though I do have the ability to engage and work well with that group)?

I want to be clear: Age discrimination is a very real problem, but I don’t think that’s the challenge you’ll be facing in your situation. Yes, many of these internet marketing firms are populated by the “wired” generation, but that doesn’t mean that relevant experience isn’t of value in these companies. However, you do have two huge disadvantages here:

#1 – You are competing for jobs for which there are many qualified candidates.
If I was reviewing resumes for entry- to mid-level positions, and I came across someone with your level of experience, I would think, “Not the right experience and way too expensive” and promptly move on to the next resume. Many employers have also had bad experiences with the recently “self-employed”, as they can be unwilling to take direction from others. I’m not saying this is the case with you, I’m saying it’s another hurdle you’ll have to face in the process.

To overcome this, you are going to have to aggressively market yourself to companies in this field, and address these concerns directly. Sell your skills that directly apply to the position (like client interface and management) and your willingness to consider lower level positions to learn this new business. You must be absolutely clear that salary, benefits, management status, title, etc., are your secondary considerations. You are in this to gain experience on the cutting edge of this technology.

#2 – Your motives may not appeal to employers. You are looking to gain experience in your current region with the long-term goal of relocating to a new area in the next couple of years. Many companies will see your attempt to use them as “stepping stones”, which might raise some big red flags.

This is going to be more difficult to overcome, and with the exception of not mentioning your long-term goals, I can’t think of a way around the issue. However, your long-term goals will likely be discussed in any interview, so it’s best to face it head on and honestly, and let the potential employer decide if this is a relationship they are willing to pursue.

How would I structure a resume to get considered?

In a situation like this, a resume is not your friend. This is not a situation where you can apply for positions in the local newspaper or online and expect to see results. Get off the internet and get on the phone. Talk to these people and give them your sales pitch. I’m sure you’ve made cold calls before, and that’s exactly what it’s going to take now.

Moving into a new and smaller market, will I be employable with this addition to my resume at age 57-58?

That will depend on your quality of experience, quality of results, and ability to apply that experience to the new market, all of which will be more relevant than your date of birth.

However you approach the situation, this is going to be a challenge and I make no guarantees it will work.

Some General Thoughts:

Evaluate your plan.
What specifically is holding you back from making forays into your target market now? Geography has never been less of an issue! Along the same lines, what is prohibiting you from maintaining your current client base and business model from a new location?

Get serious about the change.
Make the time to learn these new skills; taking the time to do this is critical to any business let alone a job search. You need to make a commitment to learn about these new technical skills. You cannot expect that someone will be willing to take the time to teach and train you. Making an honest effort to learn these things on your own will be a giant leap in the right direction and will serve you well when you discuss potential employment.

Enlist help.
You may want to try to locate a search firm that specializes in your targeted field, and talk to them about how to approach this career change. You will face challenges here as well because the search firm will have to face these same issues when marketing you to companies.

Examine other possibilities.
Do you have existing clients that could benefit from working with an internet-based advertising/marketing firm? Is this a way to build a relationship with a firm in your desired geographic area and partner with them to expand the services you currently offer?

David, I wish you the best of luck with this challenging transition.

Bridget Oakes is a Senior Search Consultant with Partners in Technology. With nearly 10 years experience in executive search and recruiting, she is well equipped to provide advice and guidance to candidates searching for new careers, and welcomes the opportunity to do so through The Job Lounge.

Susan Ireland’s Two Cents
Job Lounger, do you have a question? Email (joblounge@aol.com) it to me and I’ll post your question and an expert’s answer here in The Job Lounge.

Not Hired Due to Age

Question
I just want to ask you about age discrimination. How can you prove it?

I recently went on a job interview, which I qualified for in every way. The interviewer was young, probably around 28 or so. I aced the interview. I did all the right things, answered all his questions accordingly, dressed properly, built rapport, and even asked several questions regarding the job and the company. I researched everything about the company beforehand and was sure to let him know that I was savvy about the business. He seemed impressed, and said that most people he interviews ask him questions about the company, because they have not researched it.

I went home with a good feeling and a bounce in my step (almost certain that I would get the job) waiting for the call (as I asked him whether he would contact me on whatever decision was made). I even went so far as to email him a "Thank You" for the interview. But later that day I started having a feeling that perhaps my age would be my downfall, and sure as holy ol' heck, I think it was. I'm 51 by the way.

This morning in my email there it was: the dreaded short but not-so-sweet words, “Thank you for your follow-up email in regards to our customer service position. At this time it has been filled by another applicant.” And that was it, nothing more. Kind of short and rude is more like it. I mean, honestly, don't you think he could have put more meat in the stew, so to speak!

So, after this long winded question, I'm sure you get my point. Bottom line...how does one go about proving age discrimination? To me it is a totally useless law, simply because you can never prove it. -- Deb

Answer by Townsend Belisle, former professional headhunter

What a terrible experience, Deb! The investment you made in pursuit of this job was significant. You spent time preparing a resume and potential responses, making the right impression, researching the company, and working hard to be on-time and dressed appropriately. And with apparently no reason of which you are aware, they chose someone else.

Unfortunately your experience is not unique (read How to Prove Age Discrimination by Deb Koen.) Employer responses like “your information is on file” to “the position has been filled” to “you’re over qualified” are common, flat answers that can make anyone feel rejected and even deceived. One part of your story that especially disturbed me was that you had a promise of a phone call that was not fulfilled.

On paper you did everything right: you were prepared, gave the perfect interview, and wrote a thank you note.

You have an instinct that they are discriminating against you, based on your age – and frankly, you might be right. But here is the truth about your situation: unless you have written proof (e.g. job description with age limits), first-hand experience (e.g. specific age-related questions were asked), or evidence from a third party witness of either gestures or odd age-related questions – it is very difficult to prove age discrimination. Here is a good article from the Wall Street Journal: Age Bias is Hard to Prove But Payouts Can be Big by Kelly Greene. And another from National Public Radio: High Court: Age-Discrimination Suits Need Not Prove Intent by Nina Totenberg. You can read more about what the government says here: Age Discrimination.

But be careful before you openly communicate your concern. Did you consider the fact that they may have hired someone of, say, age 60?

To better understand your rejection, know that there are hundreds of reasons a hiring manager will choose or reject candidates: skill sets, experience, common interests, education, diversity, references… and then there are those off-paper traits of rapport, professionalism, appearance, manners, communication.

One saving grace is that you may not have lost this job on your merit or traits alone. You’re competing with others! Candidates compete on both their strengths and short comings compared to others. (There’s the classic case of a tenured employee who is replaced by someone far younger simply because the younger candidate requires a fraction of the former employee’s salary).

Here’s what you can do (and what I would suggest you do): thank him again (the ‘ol “kill them with kindness”). You could write a most lovely note, tactfully asking for specific, detailed feedback on what you could improve upon to become the top candidate for the next open position. Don’t accuse them of anything. Don’t burn any potential bridges. You never know – perhaps the previously accepted candidate will turn down the job or quickly under-perform - and your professional relations and tact prove that you’re next in line!

Finally let me say you might want to try to let this lost opportunity pass. If you interpret life as “things happen for a reason” - then perhaps this job does not deserve you, Deb.

Good luck – your job is out there just waiting for you to take it. Be tenacious.

“Diamonds are nothing more than chunks of coal that stuck to their jobs." ~ Malcolm Stevenson Forbes


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